Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic type of skin inflammation that causes itching, redness, swelling, and cracking. The clear fluid can come from the affected areas, which often thickens over time. When this condition occurs at any age, it usually begins in childhood, with varying severity over the years.
In children under one year of age, most of the body is affected. As children get older, the inner parts of the knees and elbows are most affected. In adults, the arms and legs are the most affected.Scratching the affected areas exacerbates symptoms and increases the risk of skin diseases in those affected. Most people with atopic dermatitis develop hay fever or asthma.
The cause is unknown but it is believed to be caused by genetics, immune system dysfunction, environmental exposure, and skin permeability. If a similar couple is affected, there is an 85% chance that someone else is affected as well. Those who live are most affected by cities and dry weather.
Exposure to certain chemicals or frequent hand washing can make symptoms worse. Emotional stress can make symptoms worse, which is not a cause. The disorder is not contagious. The diagnosis is generally based on signs and symptoms.Other diseases that must be ruled out before making a diagnosis include contact dermatitis, psoriasis, and seborrheic dermatitis.
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